{"id":85,"date":"2011-01-13T07:58:58","date_gmt":"2011-01-13T07:58:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gfnl.org.np\/?page_id=85"},"modified":"2024-06-12T20:20:08","modified_gmt":"2024-06-12T20:20:08","slug":"aim","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gfnl.org\/?page_id=85","title":{"rendered":"Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"

Global Federation for Nepali Literature (GFNL)
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

Realizing the dire need to develop, preserve and promote Nepal literature internationally, 47 writers from 18 countries of the world founded the Global Federation for Nepali Literature (GFNL) on 13 July, 2010 on the occasion of the birth anniversary of aadikavi\u2014the first poet\u2014Bhanubhakta Acharya.<\/p>\n

The Federation, founded with vows for commonality, transparency, mutual coexistence and solidarity, have now 27 branches, scattered in 20 nations of the world\u2014Saudi Arabia, Russia, USA, United Kingdom, Myanmar, Singapour, Romania, Malaysia, Spain, Nepal, India, UAE, Hong Kong, Kuwait, Belgium, Israel, Canada, France, South Korea and Taiwan. Exercises to extend the units to other nations of the world are going on.<\/p>\n

In many nations, organizations of various levels are in operation for the promotion of literature. Feeling that more than independent and discreet efforts, a global network extending over all the seven continents of the world would be more fruitful, this initiative has been taken. Since the Federation is evolving to be a joint forum for all literary organizations and lovers of Nepali literature, organizations with independent existences too can become its members and be a part of its global endeavors. Half a dozen literary organizations have become its members till date, and the trend has been increasing each day.<\/p>\n

Though we speak different dialects and use different scripts, Nepali is our lingua-franca. This language binds us in a web of unity. Literature written in any dialect or script, with pains, sorrows, happiness, experiences and feelings of a Nepali fall under the canopy of Nepali literature, and so, its expanse is obviously quite large and comprehensive. We all are rightful share-holders of such a literary firmament, and we bear the responsibility to enrich it. Since it is a federation by name, it incorporates all, and so, its jurisdiction is global.<\/p>\n

As its memorandum empowers it to extend its membership to every country, town, village, street, group, community, university, college and even school, it is fast developing into the biggest network of Nepali literary stake-holders. The Federation considers that with the pervasive expanse of technology, the world has shrunk into a village. It maintains a cordial and balanced relation with every other language, script and literature. In order to correct the misreporting and informational slips in write-ups and information about Nepal and Nepalese, furnished by foreign writers in their works and books disbursed through any means, the Federation has constituted \u201cTask Force for Correcting Information about Nepal\u201d. In order to extend its reach to cultures and literatures of other languages, the Federation has remained quite alert. It has always been committed to the promotion of Nepali literature and Nepal\u2019s esteem in the world, and has remained honestly active for the cause.<\/p>\n

Few years ago, \u201cGlobal open audio poem competition 2068\u201d had been organized, and it was the first of its kind in the history of Nepali literature. Around 200 participants, from 19 countries, and 27 districts of Nepal took part in it. At present, the Federation is extending its reach to many other literary organizations, and is endeavoring to publish unique and qualitative works of literature.<\/p>\n

Objectives of the Federation<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Bearing responsibility for Nepali Literature, Motherland, Land of Fortune, and their overall posterity)<\/p>\n

a. Taking every necessary step to expand, develop, promote, encourage and inspire Nepali literature across the globe
\nb. Ensuring understanding, friendship, fraternity, harmony, good-will and cooperation among people of letters and patrons of literature all over the world
\nc. Establishing relations with various literary organizations for coordination and collaboration, and establishing affiliation with organizations with similar interest
\nd. Remaining committed for literary rights
\ne. Taking all necessary initiatives to uphold the dignity Nepali identity all over the world
\nf. Stressing on the need for quality writing for recognition and dignity of non-resident Nepali writers, urging the stake-holders for the same
\ng. Acquiring information and maintaining records about different Nepalese writers, literatures and literary organizations, and taking initiatives to identify and solve literary problems, if any
\nh. Establishing relations, as far as possible, with organizations and literary personnel from other linguistic communities of the world\u2014both national and international
\ni. Taking up different programmes to promote literature of native Nepali languages including Parbate, Khas, and many other dialects and mother tongues<\/p>\n

Global Nepali Literature Federation<\/strong>
\nEstd: 13 July 2010 (Bhanu Jayanti)<\/p>\n

World Central Committee (2016-2019)<\/strong>
\nPresident:<\/strong> Biswasdip Tigela (UK)
\nSenior Vice President:<\/strong> Surendra Limbu (India)
\nVice President:<\/strong> Sagar Shrestha (Nepal)
\nVice President:<\/strong> Denzome Sampang (USA\/Bhutan)
\nGeneral Secretary:<\/strong> Dr Lekhnath Kafle (Taiwan)
\nSecretary:<\/strong> Kedar Sunuwar (UK)
\nAsst Secretary:<\/strong> Sunita Kandawa (Israel)
\nOrganisation Secretary:<\/strong> Hari Siwakoti (Canada)
\nTreasurer:<\/strong> Sabitra Luitel (Isreal)
\nAsst Treasurer:<\/strong> Ramesh Kandel (Nepal)<\/p>\n

Member<\/strong>
\nGovinda Gautam (Russia)
\nChandra Maden (Hong Kong)
\nBijaya Hitan (UK)
\nLakshmann Neopane (Myanmar)
\nNabaraj Pokhrel (Rumania)
\nAmit Rai (Kuwait)
\nMohanraj Khanal (Myanmar)
\nRI Sharmjibi (Belgium)
\nRahul Rai Bogiko (Assam)
\nNandalal Acharya (Nepal)
\nDilip Sagar (Malaysia)
\nGanendra Bibas (S. Korea)
\nKB Poudel (KSA)
\nKhagendra Adhikari (Nepal)
\nPS Nishchal (UAE)<\/p>\n

Advisors<\/strong>
\nKrishna P Shrestha (Russia)
\nMurariraj Sharma (UK)
\nBikram Subba (Nepal)
\nDr Madhu Madhurya USA<\/p>\n

Organizations affiliated to the Federation<\/strong>
\n1. Udaudo Tara Sahitya Samaj, Penang, Malaysia
\n2. Online Nepali Sahitya Manch, Brueni\/Britain
\n3. Nepali Sahitya Pratisthan, Hong Kong
\n4. Sarbada Bangmaya Sahitya Pratisthan, UAE
\n5. Prabasi Nepali Sahitya Samaj, Britain\/Brunei<\/p>\n

In order to promote and encourage literature by Nepalese writers, including those aboard including in South Asian Countries, besides those in Nepal, the Federation has proposed for honors and prizes to the writers of the best works in different genres including story, poetry, ghazal, muktak, plays, travel-essays, translation, literatures in mother tongues and dialects, and also to organizations with incredible literary contributions. The membership modes are general membership, national membership and life membership membership for a payment of NRs. 5000\/ – (five thousand Nepalese rupees) and patron membership for NRs. 25000\/- (twenty-five thousand only. Mulbato, the e-magazine, Sahitya Sansar, the quarterly in print, are publications that tabulate and publish the activities of the Federation. Besides, since we are also connected through Facebook, Twitter and Skype, communication with us is quite easy.<\/p>\n

Lastly, a small assistance from you can prove quite instrumental in promoting Nepali literature world-wide. We therefore appeal you to consider the Federation your own, and volunteer to assist it, promote it and take its membership, in order to give a boost to its noble objective of promoting Nepali literature and Nepal\u2019s dignity all over the world. We also appeal everyone to forward your kind and constructive suggestion and comments, and help us in any way\u2014direct or indirect\u2014so that we can achieve the collective target we have set for all of us.
\nLong Live Nepali Literature !<\/p>\n

Global Federation for Nepali Literature (GFNL)<\/strong>
\nGlobal Central Committee
\nE-mail: gfnl@ymail.com
\nSkype: nepaliliterature
\nGtalk: gfnl.letter@gmail.com
\nFacebook: https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nepaliliteratures<\/a>
\nwww.gfnl.org<\/p>\n


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\u0915\u092e\u0932 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0917\u0932, \u0935\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u0941\u090f\u0907, \u091c\u093f\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0919 \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0917\u094b\u0935\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u0941\u091c\u093e \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0924\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0938\u0902\u0917\u092e \u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0924\u093e\u0930, \u0917\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0915\u094b\u091f\u093e \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b \u0930\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091b\u0928 \u092d\u0928\u0947 \u0967\u096f \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0926 \u0930 \u096e \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0917\u0930\u0947\u0915\u093e \u0969 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094b \u0924\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092a\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0919 \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0905\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0902\u091a, \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0919\u0915\u0919\u0915\u094b \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u092e\u0947\u0924 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0917\u0930\u0947\u0915\u093e \u091b\u0928\u094d \u0964<\/p>\n

\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0941\u092a\u092e\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0917\u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0935\u0924 \u092f\u094b \u092a\u0939\u093f\u0932\u094b \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0939\u094b \u0964 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0918\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928\u092e\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0938\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0915\u094b \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u0932\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0948 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0930 \u091c\u0941\u0928\u0938\u0941\u0915\u0948 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0932\u0917\u094d\u0928 \u092c\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0928\u093f \u092f\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0939\u092d\u093e\u0917\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0915\u094b \u091b \u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0930\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u092e\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0916\u0947\u0915\u094b \u092f\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0918\u0915\u094b \u091a\u093e\u0921\u0948 \u0928\u0948 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0928\u093f \u092c\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0915\u093e \u091b\u0928\u094d \u0964 \u092f\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0918\u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0930 \u0906\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0915\u094b \u091b \u0964<\/p>\n

\u0932\u093e\u092e\u094b \u091b\u0932\u092b\u0932 \u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0938 \u092a\u091b\u093f \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0917\u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094b \u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b \u0930 \u092c\u0947\u092d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0920\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947\u092e\u093e \u091b\u0932\u092b\u0932 \u092d\u0907\u0930\u0939\u0947\u0915\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u0906-\u0906\u092b\u094d\u0928\u094b \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0917\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094b \u091b \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0948 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094c\u0926\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u091a\u093f\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0926\u0940\u092a \u0924\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0932\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u094b\u0915\u0947\u0915\u094b \u091b \u0964<\/p>\n

\u092f\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0918\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u092f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0915\u093e \u091b\u0928\u094d\u0903<\/p>\n

(\u0915) \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0930 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u0930 \u0939\u094c\u0938\u0932\u093e\u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u093f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0964
\n(\u0916) \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e-\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0915\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0906\u092a\u0938\u092e\u093e \u091a\u093f\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0926\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0930 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u094b \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092c\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0948 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0924\u0941\u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0964
\n(\u0917) \u0926\u0947\u0936\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u092e\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u0938\u0901\u0917 \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0948 \u0938\u092e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092c\u094b\u0915\u0947\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092f\u092e \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0964
\n(\u0918) \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0930\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0964
\n(\u0919) \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f\u0932\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u092e\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092a\u0939\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0928\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0909\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0964
\n(\u091a) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u093f \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0921 \u0926\u093f\u0926\u0948 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0939\u0930\u0941\u092e\u093e \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c \u0930 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u092c \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094d\u200d\u092f\u093e\u0909\u0928\u0947 \u0964
\n(\u091b) \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0930\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0932\u0941\u0915\u092e\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0941 \u092d\u090f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0918\u093f \u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918- \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0930\u093e\u0916\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\/\u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0964
\n(\u091c) \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0930\u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u0917 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0964
\n(\u091d) \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f (\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0947, \u0916\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\/\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0948 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0924\u0943\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e (\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0928\u094d) \u0915\u094b \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u093f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0939\u0930\u0941 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947 \u0964<\/p>\n

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